Erica Lynn Cochrane, age 13, of Galveston, Tex., for her question:

WHAT IS AN OMBUDSMAN?

An ombudsman is a nonpartisan public official who investigates peoples complaints about government officials or agencies. Most of his work involves complaints of unjust or harsh treatment of persons by police, prosecuting attorneys or judges, and such matters as housing, taxation, voting or welfare payments.

After investigating a complaint, the ombudsman may dismiss it. Or he may seek correction of the problem by permission, by publicity or occasionally by recommending prosecution.

The ombudsman idea originated in Sweden in 1809. Since World War II, it has spread, in various forms, to Japan and to several European commonwealths and newly independent countries. Hawaii has a comprehensive ombudsman plan and other states and some cities of the United States have modified plans.

The idea has also gained popularity in large organizations, including corporations and universities. Its growing popularity coincides with the increasing complexities of administration and with the need people have for impartial and informal handling of complaints.